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Compare Hong Kong (2001) - New Zealand (2001)

Compare Hong Kong (2001) z New Zealand (2001)

 Hong Kong (2001)New Zealand (2001)
 Hong KongNew Zealand
Administrative divisions none (special administrative region of China) 93 counties, 9 districts*, and 3 town districts**; Akaroa, Amuri, Ashburton, Bay of Islands, Bruce, Buller, Chatham Islands, Cheviot, Clifton, Clutha, Cook, Dannevirke, Egmont, Eketahuna, Ellesmere, Eltham, Eyre, Featherston, Franklin, Golden Bay, Great Barrier Island, Grey, Hauraki Plains, Hawera*, Hawke's Bay, Heathcote, Hikurangi**, Hobson, Hokianga, Horowhenua, Hurunui, Hutt, Inangahua, Inglewood, Kaikoura, Kairanga, Kiwitea, Lake, Mackenzie, Malvern, Manaia**, Manawatu, Mangonui, Maniototo, Marlborough, Masterton, Matamata, Mount Herbert, Ohinemuri, Opotiki, Oroua, Otamatea, Otorohanga*, Oxford, Pahiatua, Paparua, Patea, Piako, Pohangina, Raglan, Rangiora*, Rangitikei, Rodney, Rotorua*, Runanga, Saint Kilda, Silverpeaks, Southland, Stewart Island, Stratford, Strathallan, Taranaki, Taumarunui, Taupo, Tauranga, Thames-Coromandel*, Tuapeka, Vincent, Waiapu, Waiheke, Waihemo, Waikato, Waikohu, Waimairi, Waimarino, Waimate, Waimate West, Waimea, Waipa, Waipawa*, Waipukurau*, Wairarapa South, Wairewa, Wairoa, Waitaki, Waitomo*, Waitotara, Wallace, Wanganui, Waverley**, Westland, Whakatane*, Whangarei, Whangaroa, Woodville

note:
there may be a new administrative structure of 16 regions (Auckland, Bay of Plenty, Canterbury, Gisborne, Hawke's Bay, Marlborough, Nelson, Northland, Otago, Southland, Taranaki, Tasman, Waikato, Wanganui-Manawatu, Wellington, West Coast) that are subdivided into 57 districts and 16 cities* (Ashburton, Auckland*, Banks Peninsula, Buller, Carterton, Central Hawke's Bay, Central Otago, Christchurch*, Clutha, Dunedin*, Far North, Franklin, Gisborne, Gore, Grey, Hamilton*, Hastings, Hauraki, Horowhenua, Hurunui, Hutt*, Invercargill*, Kaikoura, Kaipara, Kapiti Coast, Kawerau, Mackenzie, Manawatu, Manukau*, Marlborough, Masterton, Matamata Piako, Napier*, Nelson*, New Plymouth, North Shore*, Opotiki, Otorohanga, Palmerston North*, Papakura*, Porirua*, Queenstown Lakes, Rangitikei, Rodney, Rotorua, Ruapehu, Selwyn, Southland, South Taranaki, South Waikato, South Wairarapa, Stratford, Tararua, Tasman, Taupo, Tauranga, Thames Coromandel, Timaru, Upper Hutt*, Waikato, Waimakariri, Waimate, Waipa, Wairoa, Waitakere*, Waitaki, Waitomo, Wanganui, Wellington*, Western Bay of Plenty, Westland, Whakatane, Whangarei)
Age structure 0-14 years:
17.73% (male 677,785; female 600,781)

15-64 years:
71.52% (male 2,554,329; female 2,602,662)

65 years and over:
10.75% (male 354,199; female 420,749) (2001 est.)
0-14 years:
22.36% (male 442,738; female 421,462)

15-64 years:
66.11% (male 1,281,781; female 1,272,674)

65 years and over:
11.53% (male 193,895; female 251,579) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products fresh vegetables; poultry wheat, barley, potatoes, pulses, fruits, vegetables; wool, beef, dairy products; fish
Airports 3 (2000 est.) 111 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total:
3

over 3,047 m:
2

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1 (2000 est.)
total:
44

over 3,047 m:
2

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
10

914 to 1,523 m:
28

under 914 m:
3 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total:
67

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
24

under 914 m:
42 (2000 est.)
Area total:
1,092 sq km

land:
1,042 sq km

water:
50 sq km
total:
268,680 sq km

land:
268,670 sq km

water:
10 sq km

note:
includes Antipodes Islands, Auckland Islands, Bounty Islands, Campbell Island, Chatham Islands, and Kermadec Islands
Area - comparative six times the size of Washington, DC about the size of Colorado
Background Occupied by the UK in 1841, Hong Kong was formally ceded by China the following year; various adjacent lands were added later in the 19th century. Pursuant to an agreement signed by China and the UK on 19 December 1984, Hong Kong became the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China on 1 July 1997. In this agreement, China has promised that, under its "one country, two systems" formula, China's socialist economic system will not be practiced in Hong Kong and that Hong Kong will enjoy a high degree of autonomy in all matters except foreign and defense affairs for the next 50 years. The British colony of New Zealand became an independent dominion in 1907 and supported the UK militarily in both World Wars. New Zealand withdrew from a number of defense alliances during the 1970s and 1980s. In recent years the government has sought to address longstanding native Maori grievances.
Birth rate 11.13 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 14.28 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues:
$20.8 billion

expenditures:
$24.5 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY99/00)
revenues:
$19.2 billion

expenditures:
$19.2 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1999 est.)
Capital - Wellington
Climate tropical monsoon; cool and humid in winter, hot and rainy from spring through summer, warm and sunny in fall temperate with sharp regional contrasts
Coastline 733 km 15,134 km
Constitution Basic Law approved in March 1990 by China's National People's Congress is Hong Kong's "mini-constitution" consists of a series of legal documents, including certain acts of the UK and New Zealand Parliaments and The Constitution Act 1986 which is the principal formal charter
Country name conventional long form:
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region

conventional short form:
Hong Kong

local long form:
Xianggang Tebie Xingzhengqu

local short form:
Xianggang

abbreviation:
HK
conventional long form:
none

conventional short form:
New Zealand

abbreviation:
NZ
Currency Hong Kong dollar (HKD) New Zealand dollar (NZD)
Death rate 6.02 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 7.56 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $48.1 billion (1999) $30.8 billion (2000 est.)
Dependency status special administrative region of China -
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Consul General Michael KLOSSON

consulate(s) general:
26 Garden Road, Hong Kong

mailing address:
PSC 464, Box 30, FPO AP 96522-0002

telephone:
[852] 2523-9011

FAX:
[852] 2845-1598
chief of mission:
Ambassador Carol MOSELEY-BRAUN

embassy:
29 Fitzherbert Terrace, Thorndon, Wellington

mailing address:
P. O. Box 1190, Wellington; PSC 467, Box 1, FPO AP 96531-1001

telephone:
[64] (4) 472-2068

FAX:
[64] (4) 478-1701

consulate(s) general:
Auckland
Diplomatic representation in the US none (special administrative region of China) chief of mission:
Ambassador James Brendan BOLGER

chancery:
37 Observatory Circle NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 328-4800

FAX:
[1] (202) 667-5227

consulate(s) general:
Los Angeles, New York
Disputes - international none territorial claim in Antarctica (Ross Dependency)
Economic aid - donor - ODA, $123 million (1995)
Economy - overview Hong Kong has a bustling free market economy highly dependent on international trade. Natural resources are limited, and food and raw materials must be imported. Indeed, imports and exports, including reexports, each exceed GDP in dollar value. Even before Hong Kong reverted to Chinese administration on 1 July 1997 it had extensive trade and investment ties with China. Per capita GDP compares with the level in the four big countries of Western Europe. GDP growth averaged a strong 5% in 1989-97. The widespread Asian economic difficulties in 1998 hit this trade-dependent economy quite hard, with GDP down 5%. The economy is undergoing a rapid recovery, with growth of 10% in 2000 to be followed by projected growth of 5% in 2001. Since 1984 the government has accomplished major economic restructuring, moving an agrarian economy dependent on concessionary British market access toward a more industrialized, free market economy that can compete globally. This dynamic growth has boosted real incomes, broadened and deepened the technological capabilities of the industrial sector, and contained inflationary pressures. Inflation remains among the lowest in the industrial world. Per capita GDP has been moving up toward the levels of the big West European economies. New Zealand's heavy dependence on trade leaves its growth prospects vulnerable to economic performance in Asia, Europe, and the US. With the FY00/01 budget pushing up pension and other public outlays, the government's ability to meet fiscal targets will depend on sustained economic growth.
Electricity - consumption 32.202 billion kWh (1999) 35.295 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports 633 million kWh (1999) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports 7.05 billion kWh (1999) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - production 27.726 billion kWh (1999) 37.952 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
fossil fuel:
30.49%

hydro:
61.42%

nuclear:
0%

other:
8.09% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point:
South China Sea 0 m

highest point:
Tai Mo Shan 958 m
lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Mount Cook 3,764 m
Environment - current issues air and water pollution from rapid urbanization deforestation; soil erosion; native flora and fauna hard-hit by species introduced from outside
Environment - international agreements party to:
Marine Dumping (associate member), Ship Pollution (associate member)
party to:
Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling

signed, but not ratified:
Antarctic Seals, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Marine Life Conservation
Ethnic groups Chinese 95%, other 5% New Zealand European 74.5%, Maori 9.7%, other European 4.6%, Pacific Islander 3.8%, Asian and others 7.4%
Exchange rates Hong Kong dollars per US dollar - 7.7990 (January 2001), 7.7912 (2000), 7.7575 (1999), 7.7453 (1998), 7.7421 (1997), 7.7343 (1996); note - Hong Kong became a special administrative region of China on 1 July 1997; before then, the Hong Kong dollar was linked to the US dollar at the rate of about 7.8 Hong Kong dollars per US dollar New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 2.2502 (January 2001), 2.1863 (2000), 1.8886 (1999), 1.8632 (1998), 1.5083 (1997), 1.4543 (1996)
Executive branch chief of state:
President of China JIANG Zemin (since 27 March 1993)

head of government:
Chief Executive TUNG Chee-hwa (since 1 July 1997)

cabinet:
Executive Council consists of three ex-officio members and 10 appointed members; ex-officio members are: Chief Secretary Anson CHAN (since 29 November 1993), Financial Secretary Donald TSANG (since 7 March 1995), and Secretary of Justice Elsie LEUNG (since 1 July 1997)

elections:
NA
chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General Dame Silvia CARTWRIGHT (since 4 April 2001)

head of government:
Prime Minister Helen CLARK (since 10 December 1999) and Deputy Prime Minister Jim ANDERTON (since 10 December 1999)

cabinet:
Executive Council appointed by the governor general on the recommendation of the prime minister

elections:
none; the monarch is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of a majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the governor general for a three-year term; deputy prime minister appointed by the governor general
Exports $204 billion (including reexports; f.o.b., 2000 est.) $14.6 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Exports - commodities clothing, textiles, footwear, electrical appliances, watches and clocks, toys dairy products, meat, fish, wool, forestry products, manufactures
Exports - partners China 33%, US 24%, Japan 5%, UK 4%, Germany, Singapore (1999) Australia 22%, US 14%, Japan 13%, UK 7% (1999)
Fiscal year 1 April - 31 March 1 July - 30 June
Flag description red with a stylized, white, five-petal bauhinia flower in the center blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant with four red five-pointed stars edged in white centered in the outer half of the flag; the stars represent the Southern Cross constellation
GDP purchasing power parity - $181 billion (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $67.6 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
0.1%

industry:
14.3%

services:
85.6% (1999 est.)
agriculture:
8%

industry:
23%

services:
69% (1999)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $25,400 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $17,700 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 10% (2000 est.) 3.6% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 22 15 N, 114 10 E 41 00 S, 174 00 E
Geography - note more than 200 islands about 80% of the population lives in cities; Wellington is the southernmost national capital in the world
Heliports 2 (2000 est.) -
Highways total:
1,831 km

paved:
1,831 km

unpaved:
0 km (1997)
total:
92,200 km

paved:
53,568 km (including at least 144 km of expressways)

unpaved:
38,632 km (1996)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
lowest 10%:
0.3%

highest 10%:
29.8% (1991 est.)
Illicit drugs a hub for Southeast Asian heroin and regional stimulants trade; transshipment and money-laundering center; increasing indigenous amphetamine abuse -
Imports $215 billion (f.o.b., 2000) $14.3 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Imports - commodities foodstuffs, transport equipment, raw materials, semimanufactures, petroleum; a large share is reexported machinery and equipment, vehicles and aircraft, petroleum, consumer goods, plastics
Imports - partners China 44%, Japan 12%, US 7%, Taiwan 7%, South Korea, Singapore (1999) Australia 24%, US 17%, Japan 12%, UK 4% (1999)
Independence none (special administrative region of China) 26 September 1907 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate 2.1% (2000) 6.2% (2000)
Industries textiles, clothing, tourism, electronics, plastics, toys, watches, clocks food processing, wood and paper products, textiles, machinery, transportation equipment, banking and insurance, tourism, mining
Infant mortality rate 5.83 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) 6.28 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 3.7% (2000 est.) 2.4% (2000 est.)
International organization participation APEC, AsDB, BIS, CCC, ESCAP (associate), ICC, ICFTU, IMO (associate), Interpol (subbureau), IOC, ISO (correspondent), WCL, WMO, WToO (associate), WTrO ABEDA, ANZUS (US suspended security obligations to NZ on 11 August 1986), APEC, ARF (dialogue partner), AsDB, ASEAN (dialogue partner), Australia Group, C, CCC, CP, EBRD, ESCAP, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO, ITU, NAM (guest), NSG, OECD, OPCW, PCA, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIK, UNMOP, UNTAET, UNTSO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 17 (2000) 36 (2000)
Irrigated land 20 sq km (1997 est.) 2,850 sq km (1993 est.)
Judicial branch The Court of Final Appeal in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region High Court; Court of Appeal
Labor force 3.39 million (2000 est.) 1.88 million (2000)
Labor force - by occupation wholesale and retail trade, restaurants, and hotels 31.5%, community and social services 24%, financing, insurance, and real estate 14.5%, transport and communications 11.6%, manufacturing 7.7%, construction 2.6% (October 1999) services 65%, industry 25%, agriculture 10% (1995)
Land boundaries total:
30 km

border countries:
China 30 km
0 km
Land use arable land:
6%

permanent crops:
1%

permanent pastures:
1%

forests and woodland:
20%

other:
72% (1997 est.)
arable land:
9%

permanent crops:
5%

permanent pastures:
50%

forests and woodland:
28%

other:
8% (1993 est.)
Languages Chinese (Cantonese), English; both are official English (official), Maori
Legal system based on English common law based on English law, with special land legislation and land courts for Maoris; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
Legislative branch unicameral Legislative Council or LEGCO (60 seats; 30 indirectly elected by functional constituencies, 24 elected by popular vote, and 6 elected by an 800-member election committee; members serve four-year terms)

elections:
last held 10 September 2000 (next to be held NA 2004)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - Democratic Party 12, Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong 10, Liberal Party 7, Frontier Party 5, Hong Kong Progressive Alliance 4, New Century Forum 2, Hong Kong Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood 1, independents 19
unicameral House of Representatives - commonly called Parliament (120 seats; members elected by popular vote in single-member constituencies to serve three-year terms)

elections:
last held 27 November 1999 (next must be called by November 2002)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NZLP 49, NP 39, Alliance 10, ACT New Zealand 9, Green Party 7, NZFP 5, UNZ 1

note:
NZLP and Alliance formed the government coalition; the National Party became the opposition party
Life expectancy at birth total population:
79.67 years

male:
76.97 years

female:
82.55 years (2001 est.)
total population:
77.99 years

male:
75.01 years

female:
81.1 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over has ever attended school

total population:
92.2%

male:
96%

female:
88.2% (1996 est.)
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
99% (1980 est.)

male:
NA%

female:
NA%
Location Eastern Asia, bordering the South China Sea and China Oceania, islands in the South Pacific Ocean, southeast of Australia
Map references Southeast Asia Oceania
Maritime claims territorial sea:
3 NM
continental shelf:
200 NM or to the edge of the continental margin

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
Merchant marine total:
354 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 10,330,662 GRT/17,227,315 DWT

ships by type:
barge carrier 1, bulk 208, cargo 36, chemical tanker 7, combination bulk 2, container 59, liquefied gas 6, multi-functional large-load carrier 2, petroleum tanker 26, refrigerated cargo 3, short-sea passenger 1, vehicle carrier 3

note:
includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Bermuda 2, Belgium 1, Canada 2, China 9, Japan 3, Mongolia 1, Norway 1, South Africa 1, UK 7 (2000 est.)
total:
9 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 72,389 GRT/109,018 DWT

ships by type:
bulk 3, cargo 1, container 1, petroleum tanker 2, railcar carrier 1, roll on/roll off 1 (2000 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of China -
Military branches Hong Kong garrison of China's People's Liberation Army (PLA) including elements of the PLA Ground Forces, PLA Navy, and PLA Air Force; these forces are under the direct leadership of the Central Military Commission in Beijing and under administrative control of the adjacent Guangzhou Military Region New Zealand Army, Royal New Zealand Navy, Royal New Zealand Air Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure $NA; note - separate budget for Hong Kong not established by China $883 million (FY97/98)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA% 1.1% (FY97/98)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
2,020,937 (2001 est.)
males age 15-49:
1,000,102 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
1,520,531 (2001 est.)
males age 15-49:
841,915 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - military age 18 years of age 20 years of age
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males:
47,139 (2001 est.)
males:
26,480 (2001 est.)
National holiday National Day (Anniversary of the Founding of the People's Republic of China), 1 October (1949); note - 1 July 1997 is celebrated as Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Establishment Day Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840)
Nationality noun:
Chinese

adjective:
Chinese
noun:
New Zealander(s)

adjective:
New Zealand
Natural hazards occasional typhoons earthquakes are common, though usually not severe; volcanic activity
Natural resources outstanding deepwater harbor, feldspar natural gas, iron ore, sand, coal, timber, hydropower, gold, limestone
Net migration rate 7.9 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) 4.71 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Pipelines - petroleum products 160 km; natural gas 1,000 km; liquefied petroleum gas or LPG 150 km
Political parties and leaders Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood [Frederick FUNG Kin-kee, chairman]; Citizens Party [leader NA]; Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong [Jasper TSANG Yok-sing, chairman]; Democratic Party [Martin LEE Chu-ming, chairman]; Frontier Party [Emily LAU Wai-hing, chairwoman]; Hong Kong Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood [leader NA]; Hong Kong Progressive Alliance [Ambrose LAU Hon-chuen]; Liberal Party [James TIEN Pei-chun, chairman]; New Century Forum [NQ Ching-fai, chairman]

note:
political blocs include: pro-democracy - Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood, Citizens Party, Democratic Party, Frontier Party; pro-Beijing - Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Progressive Alliance, Liberal Party, New Century Forum
ACT, New Zealand [Richard PREBBLE]; Alliance (a coalition of the New Labor Party, Democratic Party, New Zealand Liberal Party, and Mana Motuhake) [Jim ANDERTON]; Green Party [Jeanette FITZSIMONS and Rod DONALD]; National Party or NP [Jenny SHIPLEY]; New Zealand First Party or NZFP [Winston PETERS]; New Zealand Labor Party or NZLP [Helen CLARK]; United New Zealand or UNZ [Peter DUNNE]
Political pressure groups and leaders Chinese General Chamber of Commerce (pro-China); Chinese Manufacturers' Association of Hong Kong; Confederation of Trade Unions (pro-democracy) [LAU Chin-shek, president; LEE Cheuk-yan, general secretary]; Federation of Hong Kong Industries; Federation of Trade Unions (pro-China) [LEE Chark-tim, president]; Hong Kong Alliance in Support of the Patriotic Democratic Movement in China [Szeto WAH, chairman]; Hong Kong and Kowloon Trade Union Council (pro-Taiwan); Hong Kong General Chamber of Commerce; Hong Kong Professional Teachers' Union [CHEUNG Man-kwong, president]; Liberal Democratic Federation [HU Fa-kuang, chairman] NA
Population 7,210,505 (July 2001 est.) 3,864,129 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% NA%
Population growth rate 1.3% (2001 est.) 1.14% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors Hong Kong Auckland, Christchurch, Dunedin, Tauranga, Wellington
Radio broadcast stations AM 7, FM 13, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 124, FM 290, shortwave 4 (1998)
Radios 4.45 million (1997) 3.75 million (1997)
Railways total:
34 km

standard gauge:
34 km 1.435-m gauge (all electrified) (1996 est.)
total:
3,913 km

narrow gauge:
3,913 km 1.067-m gauge (519 km electrified) (1999)
Religions eclectic mixture of local religions 90%, Christian 10% Anglican 24%, Presbyterian 18%, Roman Catholic 15%, Methodist 5%, Baptist 2%, other Protestant 3%, unspecified or none 33% (1986)
Sex ratio at birth:
1.07 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.13 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.98 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.84 male(s)/female

total population:
0.99 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth:
1.04 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.05 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.01 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.77 male(s)/female

total population:
0.99 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage direct election 18 years of age; universal for permanent residents living in the territory of Hong Kong for the past seven years; indirect election limited to about 100,000 members of functional constituencies and an 800-member election committee drawn from broad regional groupings, municipal organizations, and central government bodies 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
modern facilities provide excellent domestic and international services

domestic:
microwave radio relay links and extensive fiber-optic network

international:
satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (1 Pacific Ocean and 2 Indian Ocean); coaxial cable to Guangzhou, China; access to 5 international submarine cables providing connections to ASEAN member nations, Japan, Taiwan, Australia, Middle East, and Western Europe
general assessment:
excellent domestic and international systems

domestic:
NA

international:
submarine cables to Australia and Fiji; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 3.839 million (1999) 1.84 million (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular 3.7 million (December 1999) 588,000 (1998)
Television broadcast stations 4 (plus two repeaters) (1997) 41 (plus 52 medium-power repeaters and over 650 low-power repeaters) (1997)
Terrain hilly to mountainous with steep slopes; lowlands in north predominately mountainous with some large coastal plains
Total fertility rate 1.29 children born/woman (2001 est.) 1.8 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 4.5% (2000 est.) 6.3% (2000 est.)
Waterways none 1,609 km

note:
of little importance in satisfying total transportation requirements
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